Reptiles have existed for millions of years, demonstrating remarkable resilience and adaptations. The seven largest reptiles on Earth, including saltwater crocodiles, green anacondas, and Komodo dragons, play crucial roles in maintaining ecological balance. However, threats like global warming, pollution, and poaching jeopardize their survival, highlighting the need for intensified conservation efforts.

The Purple line metro project in Kolkata has received clearance from the Central Empowered Committee to transplant 691 trees on the Maidan. This allows Rail Vikas Nigam Ltd to proceed with constructing key underground stations and structures. After delays due to tree conservation orders, work for the Purple line’s underground section will resume at full pace.

The Supreme Court has approved the Forest Research Institute's plan to conduct the first tree census in Delhi over three-and-a-half years while enhancing the city's green cover over four years. The initiative aims to track tree populations and prevent illegal felling, with funding from the CAMPA fund.

Planetary Technologies in Nova Scotia uses magnesium oxide to reduce carbon dioxide via the ocean, backed by $1 million from Elon Musk's foundation, despite debate over potential ecological impacts. Ocean-based carbon removal strategies show promise but face challenges, including scaling efforts to influence global warming and ensuring environmental safety.

The past decade has been the hottest on record, with 2023 marking the warmest year ever, according to a UN report. Rising carbon dioxide levels, record ocean temperatures, and extreme weather events signal a worsening climate crisis. The report attributes global heating mainly to human activities and warns of severe consequences. Amidst policy rollbacks by the Trump administration, experts and activists urge immediate action to curb emissions and transition to clean energy.

An oil spill in northwestern Ecuador has turned a river black, prompting authorities to declare an environmental emergency amid "unprecedented" damage and to order residents to ration drinking water, officials said. The spill, believed caused when a landslide ruptured a major oil pipeline, has turned waters black in a section of the Esmeraldas River, in the province of the same name.

The Brazilian COP30 Presidency calls for a 'Circle of Presidencies' to enhance multilateral action on climate change, seeking input from various leaders and sectors. The initiative aims to promote financial alignment with the Paris Agreement and prioritize urgent measures, including forest protection and renewable energy goals.